What is Timber Frame Construction and What Could You Build With it?
Timber frame construction is a proven, versatile way to build, combining speed, strength, and design flexibility with the warmth and character of natural materials. At English Heritage Buildings, weโve been using these time-honoured construction techniques to craft long-lasting bespoke timber buildings since 1990.
But what is timber frame construction, exactly? And what is meant by timber frame construction when planning a building project? In this guide, weโll explain how timber frame construction works, why its popularity has endured for centuries, and what it could make possible for your own home development project.
Why Structural Calculations Are Essential
At its core, timber frame construction is a method of building where a carefully engineered timber frame forms the structural backbone of the building. Unlike traditional brick-and-block or steel-framed construction, the strength of the structure comes from the timber frame itself, not just the walls.
The frame is built using vertical and horizontal components, including posts, beams, and studs, which are precisely joined together to create a strong, stable structure. This is known as frame construction; it forms the load-bearing skeleton before wall panels, insulation, external cladding, and other finishes are added.
A Short History of Timber Frame Construction
Timber frame construction is one of the oldest known building methods, with examples in the UK, such as Grange Barn in Essex and 173, High Street in Herefordshire, dating back over 1,000 years. Medieval oak-framed halls, barns, and houses, many still standing in part or in whole today, are a testament to the strength and longevity of traditional post-and-beam construction.
Timber framing was once the dominant method of building in England, particularly in rural areas where oak was readily available. Techniques like mortise-and-tenon joinery were perfected over centuries, allowing for strong, load-bearing frames without the need for nails or metal fixings.
Timber Frame Construction Today
Although timber fell out of favour with the rise of brick and stone, it has since surged in popularity with new materials, techniques, and a good reputation for more sustainable building. Today, timber frame construction blends time-honoured craftsmanship with modern performance, as a building method thatโs stood the test of time. According to government data, 9% of English new-build homes were timber-framed in 2019, while in Scotland, it was as high as 92%.
How Our Timber Frame Construction Process Works
Our oak-frame buildings may be made using an older, traditional method, but the construction process is anything but outdated. Itโs precise, efficient, and brings together engineered components and time-tested techniques to create a warm, structurally sound space built to modern standards.
This is how a typical oak building comes together, both on and off-site:
- Frame Crafting: Expert craftsmen cut and shape each post, beam, and joint for the proposed timber structure. This is generally completed off-site. At our workshop, we use the Hundegger K2i machine to precision-craft each mortise-and-tenon joint, and skilled timber graders closely inspect every component.
- Groundworks and Foundations: Before the frame arrives, any necessary groundwork is completed, including foundations, drainage, and the concrete oversite. Depending on the project, this might be a strip, pad, or raft foundation, designed to support the timber frame above.
- Frame Delivery and Preparation: Once the groundwork is ready, the frame is delivered to the site, ready for assembly.
- Frame Assembly: The main timber frame structure, including posts, beams, and wall plates, is carefully assembled on site. Traditional mortise-and-tenon joints are used for strength and longevity, with oak pegs securing the connections. This part of the build can take as little as a few days, depending on the size of the product.
- Roof Construction: Once the main frame is up, roof trusses are installed to span the building. These support the roof covering and help define the internal shape. Roofing materials such as clay tiles or slate are fitted once the structure is weather-tight.
- Wall Panels and Insulation: With the frame complete, open-panel wall systems are installed. These include stud walls, insulation materials, and space for windows and doors. A breather membrane is applied externally to protect against moisture, while a vapour control layer is added internally to regulate condensation.
- Internal Fit-Out: Once the building is sealed, internal works begin. Depending on the oak buildingโs purpose, this might include electrics and plumbing, plasterboarding, flooring, and joinery. At this stage, insulation performance and airtightness are finalised, ensuring the building is warm, efficient, and ready to use.
Why Choose Timber Frame Construction?
For many homeowners, timber frame construction offers the ideal balance of practicality, performance, and aesthetics. Itโs a modern method with centuries of heritage behind it, and there are plenty of reasons it continues to grow in popularity.
Speed of Construction
Timber frame buildings can be constructed at a faster rate than traditional brick-and-block structures. With components pre-cut and assembled off-site, the frame is ready to go as soon as the foundations are in place, reducing time on site and avoiding weather delays.
Energy Efficiency
Timber frame buildings are easy to insulate, with excellent thermal performance built into the walls, roof, and floor. This helps reduce heat loss, improves comfort, and lowers running costs, especially when paired with features like underfloor heating or triple glazing.
Design Flexibility
Whether youโre building a compact garden room or a multi-bay garage with storage above, timber frame construction gives you the freedom to customise. Itโs easy to adapt the layout, roof shape, or finishes to suit your style, space, and planning constraints.
Lower Environmental Impact
Timber is a renewable building material with a lower carbon footprint than steel or concrete. We use sustainably sourced green oak and Douglas-fir, building your structure responsibly without compromising on quality.
Natural Beauty and Longevity
Oak, in particular, brings a timeless aesthetic to any project. Strong, durable, and full of character, it’s ideal for bespoke timber frame buildings designed to last for generations.
Timber Frame Construction vs. Traditional Construction Methods
Unlike traditional brick-and-block construction, where internal walls and structural loads are carried by dense masonry, timber frame buildings rely on a precision-engineered timber structure. This makes them faster to build, easier to insulate, and often more cost-effective for smaller or bespoke projects.
Timber also offers better thermal performance from the outset, without needing thick, heavy walls. When properly designed and maintained, a timber frame house is just as robust and long-lasting as any other build method, with the added appeal of natural, sustainable materials.
What Could You Build with Timber Frame Construction?
Once you understand the method, the exciting part is imagining what you could create with it for your home and garden. Timber frame construction is an ideal method for a wide range of projects, such as:
- Home Offices and Leisure Buildings: Warm, quiet, and fully insulated spaces suitable for year-round use. A timber frame allows you to create these comfortable spaces quickly, with natural materials and excellent energy performance.
- Garden Rooms: Perfect for relaxing, entertaining, or creating a separate living area. Timber frame construction makes it easy to customise the size, shape, and finish to your vision.
- Garages: From single bays to multi-bay garages, the strength of the timber frame allows for open spans or first-floor additions, while still blending beautifully with your home or setting.
- Oak Barns: Ideal for large-scale storage, agricultural buildings, or converting into guest accommodation, traditional post-and-beam construction provides both the aesthetic and structural integrity needed for larger, open-plan spaces like oak barns.
- Oak Extensions: A faster, more flexible way to add usable space to your home, timber frames can be designed to complement existing architecture while reducing on-site build time compared to other extension methods.
Because each frame is made to order, you’re not limited to standard layouts or off-the-shelf designs. You can create something that not only fits your site but feels right for how you want to live, work, or spend your time at home.
Whether youโre planning a peaceful retreat at the bottom of the garden, a full-scale oak-framed extension, or even a house, timber frame construction offers the flexibility, character, and long-term performance to make it happen.
Are You Considering Oak for Your Home Project?
You donโt need to know all the technical details to start planning an oak frame project โ thatโs what our experts are here for. Whether youโre still exploring ideas or already have something in mind, we can guide you through the possibilities and recommend the right approach for your site, style, and budget.
Weโve been crafting bespoke oak frame buildings since 1990. Every structure is made to order, combining traditional craftsmanship with modern precision. Get in touch to discuss your plans and quotation, or start designing your own building right here on our website.

















































































